Geotechnical
Engineering, Pavement Design, Material Engineering
And Environmental Impact Assessment in Civil Projects
NOTE -
The photographs are related to some projects located
in a highly constraints environments with extremely
complex geology and major and permanently running
river system to build modern highways along the existing
5m wide old roads. They present major earthworks
challenge to design and construct stable slopes in
rock and soil and design avalanche prevention.
Project
Managing Road Planning & Design
We carry
out total preliminary planning and design works and
project manage the projects of various sizes and
complexities ranging from those small scale jobs
in simple and easy environment to large projects
in highly constraints environment and complex geology.
Skills
and responsibilities include;
- Preliminary
assessment, site investigation, data collection, option
evaluation of alignments and selection of optimum solution
based on cost, safety and serviceability.
- Traffic
analysis, embankment and pavement design and surfacing
requirement.
- Develop
work program, prioritise activities, and estimate of
planning/design costs.
- Develop
base plans at appropriate scales to standardise design
works and follow up preliminary design.
- Coordinate
total activities, conduct and supervise work performance
on the day to day operations and provide necessary
training to improve quality.
- Carry
out risk assessment, coordinate public consultations
with stakeholders, define completion date and ensure
delivery on time and budget constraints.
- Quantity
calculations, establishment of unit rate and projection
of project costs.
- Based
on ground condition, provide particular consideration
to complex areas to explore hidden issues to avoid
variation problem during construction phase.
- Provide
specific design requirement to rock excavation at proximity
to residential site by means of noise and dust control,
drilling and blasting control, air blast overpressure,
ground vibration and control of fly rock.
- Detail
assessment of soil and rock slopes and design of stable
slopes.
- Application
of the relevant Acts, standard specifications, government
policy, environmental legislations and other state
and local government regulations.
- Finalise
and compile design details, develop contractual conditions
and prepare tender documents for the delivery of construction
phase.
Road
Construction Supervision
We can:
- Provide
services of supervising engineer and superintendent
to review design details and tender documents.
- Appoint
project team, delegate tasks and allocate resources.
- Liaise
with the principal contractor, review and assess its
site management plan, traffic control, quality assurance,
sediment and erosion control plan, water management
plan, Workplace health and safety issues.
- Evaluate
contractors’ work program and its critical paths.
- Supervise
construction on the day to day operations, regular
auditing and routinely review of work progress and
its quality.
- Assess
progress claims, evaluate variations and authorise
payments.
- In
the case of disagreement, investigate dispute issues,
negotiate with the contractors and conduct dispute
resolution.
Geotechnical
Engineering
We can:
- Undertake survey of the site and define surface and subsurface ground conditions
by means of geological mapping, drilling and trenching, bridge abutment evaluation
and recommendation on foundation design.
- Assessment
of building sites in various ground conditions and
footing requirement including shallow and deep foundation,
and testing and material classification.
- In
relation to the failure of the existing structure,
undertake failure classifications and assess the causes.
- Evaluate
alternative remedial measures and recommend optimum
methods.
- Rock
fall and landslide hazards evaluation, soil and rock
properties assessment and related classifications,
general geology and slope stability in the complex
geological environment and mountainous terrain.
- Undertake
mapping and characterisations of fractures in soils
and rocks in open and underground excavations and develop
structural domains, involving rock mechanics and soil
mechanics and recommend cost effective ground support
methods.
- Investigate
hydrology of the site and groundwater conditions, design
and recommend effective methods of slope drainage and
dewatering mechanism.
- Undertake
soil slope stability of road embankment, failure assessment
and recommend cost effective retaining structures.
- Prepare
tender document for drilling, call tender, analyse
offers, negotiate with the drilling contractors, establish
unit rate and prepare contractual conditions.
The
above-mentioned apply relevantly to civil projects
and mining/quarrying operations.
Materials
and Pavement Design
Undertake
materials investigations and identify sources of
construction materials and determine their suitability
for use as embankment material, pavement gravels,
concrete aggregate, asphalt and bitumen aggregate.
Assess
the requirement for imported materials and identify
the sources.
Undertake
laboratory research to assess quality of materials
at source sites by applying relevant test methods and
eliminate those sites from supplying deleterious material.
For
the production and supply of construction materials,
we can prepare tender document, call tender, analyse
offers, appoint contractors, negotiate and establish
unit rate, prepare contractual conditions and supervise
delivery to ensure quality achievement.
Pavement
Design
For
Pavement design we offer the following skills and methodology:
- Alignment
investigation, assessing natural ground for new road
and pavement evaluation for upgrading existing road.
- Traffic
analysis and application of new methods of investigation
pertinent to embankment assessment, subgrade evaluation,
pavement and surfacing design.
- Analysis/classifications
of subgrade and pavement failures, evaluation of material
properties and its effect on total pavement configuration
and recommendations on optimum design responsive to environmental
and climatic conditions.
- Design
effective methods of moisture control and drainage
development.
We
have special skills and have pioneered pavement
design of gravel roads, development of material specifications
and related quality system and construction equipment
selection pertinent to material type and design requirement.
Structural
Defect and Causes
We
can:
- Undertake
assessment of concrete failures in bridges, culverts
and other concrete works, particularly those
structures installed in marine environment.
- Conduct
detail site inspection, assess causes of failure
and recommend cost effective remedial measures.
Environmental
Impact Assessment
Applicable
to both, civil projects and mining industry, we have
skills to carry out the following:
- Site
investigation and data collection, strategic requirement
and assessment of potential vulnerability of affected
environment and degree of impact.
- Explore
and evaluate site constraints and opportunities
to define the level of control requirement very accurately
to avoid downstream pollution cost effectively and eliminate
excessive and unnecessary costly exercise.
- Traffic analysis and related impact assessment.
- Erosion and sediment control strategy and development
of plan, water management and pollution control measures,
and preparation of site base management plan.
- Hydrology and groundwater investigation, water
sampling and testing to define background level of
contamination and design of decantation dams.
- Acid sulphate soil and sodic soil investigation
and treatment requirement.
- Drilling and blasting impact assessment including
airblast overpressure, ground vibration and fly rock
control measures.
- Public consultations with stakeholders.
- Implementation
of Integrated Planning Act, Environmental Protection
Act, other acts and relevant policies and requirement
of local government strategic planning.
Rock Slope Engineering in Open Pit Mining and
Quarrying
We
have the resources and skills for the implementation of
the following stability measures to be carried out on the
basis of economic and safety consideration in metallic
mines, coal mines and quarrying.
Based
on the site conditions and scale of the operations,
the work will be programmed on staged wise, starting
from preliminary investigation at limited cost to the
clients, through to detail investigation of complicated
structural domain analysis if required by the site
conditions.
- Preliminary geological data collection from
aerial photos, surface geological mapping and drill
hole logging.
- Preliminary analysis of geological data to
develop major structural domains to establish the
probability of slope failure in relation to the
proposed pit slopes.
- Preliminary rock quality designation and soil
classification.
- Define those slopes in which no unfavourable
fractures exist.
- Identify those slopes in which minor failures
will occur.
- Define
those slopes in which failure would be critical
during the mining operations. These will be selected
for detail investigation.
- Further detail geological data collection for
the critical slopes and obtain those information
may collect by special drilling and excavation.
- Hydrology and groundwater assessment and installation
of piezometers to assess groundwater inflow and
watertable fluctuation during mining operation.
- Detail analysis of geological information for
the critical slopes to define failure types and
size and its impact on equipment, men and the operation
as a whole.
- Risk assessment on those critical slopes in
which failure possibility is high and evaluate
degree of impacts and recommend action to eliminate
those risks with high impact.
- Evaluation of remedial measures and recommendation
of safe and cost effective methods to develop stable
slopes.
- Further
detail data collection and cost assessment of
drainage characteristic of rock and soil mass
and reinforcement feasibility analysis for steeper
slopes.
- Analysis of acceptable risk for those failures
and define if they can be accommodated without
endangering men and equipment.
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Extremely fractured and faulted metamorphosed rock
exhibits crushed pile in localised sections.
Steep highly fractured metamorphosed rock at contact
with faulted and altered aplite dike.
Intensely
fractured, altered and weathered rock steeply
cut by the river, forming the cut and fill
batters of
the road.
Colluvial
deposit in left foreground, highly fractured and
altered granite wall in left background forming
steep cut batter.
 Extremely
fractured & sheared, with closely spaced joints
metamorphosed rock, forming steep wall.
Extremely
fractured and altered meta sediment and igneous
rock forming vertical wall, physically weathered
into crushed Mt.
Vertical
wall of cut batter densely jointed aplite suffered
physical weathering, forming disjointed Mt. of
crushed rock.
Very
large size landslide above the road in conglomeratic
colluvium along the river is common feature along
the investigated road, often with springs and
high rate of running water from tension cracks
and other failure planes.
The
whole Mt. to the left is several acres of landslide in
highly fractured, altered & weathered rock (Colour
Melange), demands piezometers installation, and special
dewatering drainage system followed by concrete retaining
walls in the river and in the cut batter. The large size
alluvial fan requires special structural treatment prerequisite
to road design and construction.
Significance
of fault and other through going fractures in slope
stability.
Kinematic
analysis of wedge sliding along intersection of
discontinuities plane.
Major
slope failure in sheared and decomposed rock
Slope
stability assessment, potential wedge failure along
plane of discontinuities.
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